Car Body Types Explained

Most of us do not buy new cars all that often, so it's no surprise that some people get confused over the descriptions of the various types of cars that are available on the market. Most of the terms used to describe a type of car refer to its body shape, rather than its performance, or other features. If you are thinking of buying a new car, then arm yourself with the facts before you hit the showrooms with this simple and easy to follow guide to the various types of cars and their body shapes.

Sedan

A sedan, which is sometimes called a saloon, is the standard passenger car that has a bonnet at the front, a boot for luggage in the back, and usually four doors. This is one of the most popular types of car and they are ideal for families, as they usually seat four or five people comfortably.

Hatch-back

Hatch-backs are the types of cars that have no rear boot, but they have a rear compartment that can be accessed via a door that swings open at the back. The other feature of this type of car is that rear luggage compartment is not sealed off from the passenger compartment. Hatch-backs are usually smaller cars and they often have only three doors, including the swing door at the back.

Estate

Estate cars, or wagons, are like a larger version of a hatchback with an extended rear compartment for storing luggage. Like a hatchback, this type of cars luggage area is not separated from the passenger compartment and, typically, the rear seats can be folded down to accommodate a greater amount of luggage when it is required. Due to the extended rear compartment, estate cars are normally quite long.

Coupe

A coupe will be quite a small, two door car, and they are usually quite sporty in style too. They will normally only seat two people comfortably, but they might have two very small seats in the rear, but with very limited leg room.

Convertible

Convertibles, sometimes called cabrioles, are the types of cars where the roof can be removed so that it can be driven with the roof open in the summer. They are usually a similar sized car to a coupe style car and they too generally have limited room inside and are not suitable for any more than two people. The roof is often made of soft fabric; hence the term soft top, but more expensive convertibles might have hard tops that are folded back by hydraulics.

MPV

The term MPV, or multi-purpose vehicle, is usually applied to vehicles that have large bodies, like a van, but it still has both rear and side doors. Examples of MPV's are people carriers, minivans, and multi utility vehicles (MUV's). They can often seat as many as seven people and they are also characterized by being higher off the ground than a saloon type of car.

Pickup

Pickup trucks are the type of vehicle that has a flat-bed open space at the rear of the vehicle for carrying luggage and equipment. They are usually large vehicles, often 4x4, and they are designed to carry heavy loads, as well as people.

Off-Road

An off-road vehicle, such as a Land Rover, or a Jeep, will have been designed to be driven on the roads as well as off them. Typically, they will have a 4x4 drive, and the ability to be driven in very low gears, so that they can cope with muddy and difficult terrain.

Runescape Merchanting Guide 2010

If you've been merchanting as long as I have you'll know that items go in out and of fashion, in the sense that for awhile - weeks, months they may make you money - then they'll start to become less and less profitable until you simply are not making that much money of them anymore. This is why a 2010 Runescape Merchanting guide is critical because it means that you can receive up to date information on what to Merchant and why.

I think making money from using armor sets is one of the best and risk free methods of making money around. It takes very little research and very little capital, it does become more effective with the greater amount of gold you have but you can literally start on just a few million and from there you can slowly build yourself up. I'd say it reaches maximum effectiveness after you have several hundred million gold, but if you have around 40 million gp you can get up to 90% of its money making capabilities.

You start by looking at any Barrow's armor sets which are dropping slightly in value, staying similar or rising very slightly. What you want to avoid is any dramatic increases or decrements, as a general rule do not go for any armor sets that have just gone up over 75k gold, and do not go for any which have dropped more than 150k in value. Going for the ones which have gone down slowly is the best thing to do.

You put in an offer for what you want, let's say Ahrim's for example, if its gone down by 50k gold, put in an offer for a set for 50,000 gp under its market value price. See how quickly it buys, if you bought it instantly it means you could have gotten it cheaper, when it comes to the next set lower the price by 25k and keep going in jumps because you should ideally be waiting around 5-15minutes for all of your sets to buy.

Assuming you've bought all your Ahrim's sets for 100k under market value it's time to un wrap them, bank the items and withdrew them noted. When you take the sets apart it means you go around the four hour selling rules which disallows people to buy and then sell items without waiting at least four hours. Since you're technically buying a set, and not the pieces you can sell them whenever you want and so you're speeding things up quite a lot. You will get four items for each group you bought so you should end up with around 40 Ahrim's pieces of equipment. Put offers in the Grand Exchange for one item of each and sell them for 2001gp under average market value. If it sells quickly, raise the price, if after 20 minutes it has not sold at all lower is slightly.

Using this Runescape Merchant Guide 2010 you can easily see that if you sell all forty pieces losing 2k gold each (which is very reasonable - you can probably make money on some of them) you will lose 80k gold, but since you bought them all for 100k under you'll actually be making 920,000 gold pieces!

Wholesale Fasteners

The Fastener Quality Act defines a fastener as a screw, nut, bolt, or stud that has external or internal threads, or a load-indicating washer, with a nominal diameter of five millimeters or larger, one fourth of an inch or greater that contains any quantity of metal and is held out as meeting a standard or specification which requires through-hardening.

This act also prevails sale of illegal and unauthorized sale of fasteners to any industry or company. However buying of wholesale fasteners is not illegal and wholesale fasteners can be bought at any wholesale market. Internet is also a good place to find dealers who are ready to sell fasteners at wholesale rates provided the buyer buys them in bulk.

An advantage of buying fasteners in bulk at wholesale rate is that the intermediate is removed from the financial equation thus increasing the savings of the buyer and augmenting the sale of fasteners. The price of any commodity (let alone fasteners) is inversely proportional to the amount of the same. However, it is illegal to sell fasteners at wholesale prices to anyone without taking the prior permission of National Institute of standards and technology, commerce (NIST).

According to the guidelines laid down by the NIST - Distributors, who are not private label distributors, and people who buy fasteners at wholesale or retail, may mix fasteners of the same type, grade, and dimension from different lots in the same container. However, if a buyer of fasteners requests the seller to mark the container of fasteners with the lot number from which such fasteners were taken, either before the sale or at the time of sale, the seller will noticeably mark the container of fasteners with the lot number.

The demand for fasteners is slowly but surely increasing because of wholesale pricing methodology. The Internet has also increased the number of wholesalers in the market and has improved the sale of fasteners not only in the United States of America but also on a global scale.

AdSense Money Making Tutorial

How does anyone make money with AdSense?

1. Keyword optimization
2. Content
3. Promotion
4. Commitment
5. Dedication
6. Consistency

If you're going to add AdSense marketing to your Internet Business Empire you need relevant content and lots of it. Making a killing with AdSense also takes research. Let's face it, you can have a site with thousands of content rich pages but if content is of no interest to anyone online then your website traffic will reflect that. Do not set your goals too high in a low to no traffic market. Patience is an helpful attribute to have but it is contingent upon other exercises that are already in place like consistency and dedication. If your consistently researching, promoting and adding the best possible content to your website then and only then will patience be relevant to your earnings. Search engines and RSS feeds like new content and so do visitors. Your market may not show up the first, second or third time they see your ad, link or post but the more they see it more than probably they will click on it.

Once your market knows you're committed to giving them the best most relevant information possible they will show up, bookmark your site, tell their friends and absolutely click on some of the relevant ads on your website. You will have to continue to add new content to your website and appropriately place your keywords through in order for Google AdSense to know exactly what your webpage is about. Without this basic step you will fail to receive relevant ads on your webpages. With search engine optimization being the focal point of AdSense it is hard to ignore the fact that you need to use every management tool Google has to offer. If you ask 10 different marketers how much and how often you should add new content to your website you will get 6 varying answers but on average the answer will be once a week.

Tests have shown that submitting content to your website daily (not your blog) has in some cases gotten websites removed from the Google index. Unfortunately its an algorithm that makes this decision and you can appeal it. I add new content twice a week and I've not been removed from any index. If search engines are not your main traffic generator you need not worry. Before you start an AdSense marketing campaign be sure to have a solid plan with realistic expectations.

The Introduction of the Porsche Type 356

The Porsche 356 was a two-seater based on the Volkswagen , code-named Type 356 after its design office number. With Fiat-based Cisitalia sports cars as an inspiration, the first Type 356 had a tubular frame; and its body, designed by Erwin Kommenda, was the first to bear the legendary name Porsche, cast in a logotype that is almost unaltered to this day.

The Type 356 cars that followed had a platform chassis like the Volkswagen, but retained the same basic mechanical lay-out and Kommenda's distinct body. Why change the chassis so soon? That is a question that might be asked about the myriad changes to Porsches ever since. The reason is simple; Porsche people are perfectionists and, because the cars have always been produced in relatively small quantities, it has been easy to change things in detail. Wherever the technical wizards could see a way of improving a component they would, usually after testing it on a racing Porsche.

The result has been a stream of fascinating, complex and confusing cars , each one almost invariably a little better than the one before. But as their logo remained unaltered, so did their basic lay-out for 27 years: with only a brief flirtation with open-wheeled racers, they have all been rear-engined, air-cooled, all independently sprung sports cars. Only since 1975 have there been more conventional front-engined, water-cooled Porsches, and they are still true sporting cars.

By 1951, high-performance versions of the 356 were racing at Le Mans as a result of a plea by the race's organizer, Charles Faroux, who had helped free the professor from prison. Ferdinand Porsche lived long enough to see his 356 couples win their class in the French race and establish themselves as a great force in Continental rallying. He had a stroke in the autumn and died the following year, leaving his company in the hands of his son, Ferry, with the Piech family for support. Hardly anything changed at Porsches. Production was transferred to Zuffephusen, near Stuttgart, West Germany but the cars were the same, constantly developing versions of their creator's original work.

By 1952, the Porsche company was deeply involved in racing as a way of promoting its cars and it was apparent that they needed a new engine for more power. One of Porsche's younger designers, Dr Ernst Fuhrmann, was given his head and produced an advanced four-overhead-camshaft flat four-cylinder unit with Ferry Porsche and chief engineer Karl Raabe who was one of the old professor Porsche's first employees, looking over his shoulder.

This high-revving engine was installed in a racing Porsche with spyder, or skimpy open, body and the car given a new type number, 550.

Porsche's American agents encouraged the production of these highly specialized vehicles which, in ever-improving form, took the German firm through top-class competition in the 1950s; and as the Spyders sent their time racing, the 356, in continuously developing form, provided the production backbone and competed in classes for more standard cars.

As the Spyders developed, they became more like open-wheeled racing cars in concept and little modification was needed to enter them in Formula 2 events from 1957. These cars were an immediate success and when the capacity of Formula 1 cars was limited to 1.5 liters - Porsche size - in 1961, the men from Zuffenhausen plunged into grand prix racing with great enthusiasm.

This ultimate form of competition proved to be too expensive for them, however, and Porsche retired after two seasons with only one victory of note - in the 1962 French Grand Prix - despite spending a fortune on developing a new flat-eight engine.

The sports-racing and production cars were stilt very successful so they decided to concentrate on them. Ultra-lightweight Spyers made the European Mountain Championship their own, as befitted cars with an Austrian origin. High performance road and rally cars were produced bearing the name Carrera to commemorate their class win in the Carrera Panamericana, a grueling Mexican road race with an especially emotional appeal to their largest market on the west coast of America. They backed up the Spyders, winning such classics as the Targa Florio road race in Sicily.

Use the WWW to Make Money

The Internet has opened innumerable opportunities for people, thanks to the growing popularity and success of online jobs. There was a time when making money online appeared to be an unbelievable affair. Today, the scenario is completely different. Do an online search for money making opportunities on the World Wide Web, and you would be bombarded with hundreds of thousands of results in the fraction of a second. Right from data entry jobs to affiliate programs, or even clicking ads, the Internet seems to abound in jobs for everyone- student, homemaker, self-employed and even the elderly.

But then there is another side of this beautiful picture. Spamming has become a global affair. Every now and then, you would come across someone being spammed. Agreed, there are genuine online jobs too. However, you may have lost hundreds of dollars by the time you come across a genuine job. Bet-rich-overnight schemes continue to lure everyone, though most of us know deep inside that such promises are based on unrealistic aspects.

The question remains- how to make money online without being spammed? Online jobs can simplify your life. With an online job, you can say goodbye to debt and financial worries. You can spend more time with your loved ones. Most importantly, you can work from anywhere, and still make a full time income online. However, the income source should be reliable and residual, and not a one-time opportunity to make a few bucks.

A genuine online job that can teach you how to make money online should be more of a step-by-step system that should allow anyone, regardless of their age or location, to make a decent income, month after month, consistently. Some of the popular money making opportunities online involve writing, editing, transcribing, and other affiliate programs. While some companies offer regular writing jobs, and pay on a per-article or per project basis, many others allow you to earn through the income generated through PPC.

Your aim should be learning and mastering a proven system that teaches you how to make money online. Do not spend hundreds of dollars into buying schemes and systems that promise you a six-figure income. Learn to tell a genuine job from a bogus one. You may come across moneymaking websites that show pictures of lavish bungalows, luxurious cars and bundles of money. Remember, there is no way you would be a millionaire doing an online job overnight. A genuine job would help you increase your income gradually. If you want to learn how to make money online, you need to be vigilant. Keep an eye on the latest developments on the Internet. Read about freelancing jobs, and subscribe to blogs that send regular updates about online jobs.

7 Tips for Learner Drivers

What is the most important thing that any learner driver should have in him / her: It is very much expected that if you are beginning to give your best because like anyone else, you also believe that driving your own car yourself gives a sense of independence and freedom. But, what most people forget that driving lessons are at the very least, humanly daunting and can break or shatter your confidence level in no time. Here, self-confidence is the most important attribute.

Few non-theoretic and experimental guides for any learner driver:

• Take it at a pace you can adapt to : There is no rush to get your driving license; rather you should take it one at a time. So why hassle yourself to get to the test stage faster than your friend and extremely fail miserably because in this chaotic hurry to learn fast, you forgot to pay attention to minute details.


• Practice, as much as it is possible for any human being : Do not push yourself to read the facts more and more, but push yourself to go out and actually become adept at small and easy drives on the road, be it a highway or near your colony. All you need is someone from your friend circle or family who holds a driving license to sit around you and guide you so that before taking the driving test and trying your level best to ace it, you actually have experienced real life driving lessons and boosted up your trust in yourself which will come handy in your foreseeable driving temperament.


• Stick to an instructor what you can respect: It is universally accepted that get an instructor who teaching style does not bust up your confidence. If you feel that the rapport you share with your driving instructor is not building up your self-reliance and fortitude, then do not hesitate to hire another someone. If your assertive and positive feelings about your driving skills are crumpled down before taking the test, then rest assured, not only you will fail, but that feeling of being a failure will stick around for years.


• Find out the way you learn better : Everyone is a different kind of learner. Someone is methodical; someone learns better when the tricks and tips are explained theoretically while someone might be the hippy who wants to just hit the road and experience bit by bit slowly. So it is your duty to find out how you will work out the steps that need to be learnt.


• Insurance coverage is essential : Advice is to avoid the big-budgeted premiums and opt for the learner driver insurance policy so that you stay protected and yet you do not have to spend a huge amount during the learning phase.


• Ignore the drivers who are nothing but impatient : When you are driving on a busier road, the most important thing that you have to teach yourself is not to get controlled by drivers who for no cause are determined to bother you inconveniently.


• Save yourself from unnecessary anxiety and be aware of traffic rules : This is something very basic and yet very much because because if and when people do not follow the traffic rules, the risks of occurrence of unwanted and unintentional accidents get up a notch.