History of Computer Software and Programming

Being able to program a computer or create software is akin to knowing another language. This is not something that comes easily to everyone, and in the very beginning, it was nearly impossible for most to master.

There was no conception of computing in the worlds of our ancient ancestors. Their concepts of computing were limited to math skills, and the technology used was an abacus. Simple devices that used pegs and cams were later used to control movements, but this is a far cry from what the world is used to today.

Real computer programming can be traced back to the 1880's and the recording of data that was then read by a machine. This was accomplished using simple punched cards, and became the foundation of the data processing industry. In 1896 the Tabulating Machine Company was found which would later turn into a small company now now know as IBM.

Before the 1950's it was likely to find that each machine was using a different set of instructions, even when they served the same purpose. This was due to each program being painstakingly created individually, which led to slight variations from one machine to the next.

You could liken those early days to trying to use your beard trimmer without any real beard style in mind. You hit the power button, and get to work, keeping your fingers crossed that your beard will turn out all right. Programmers were working willy-nilly, making up stuff as they went along and hoping all went well. The only difference is that when you mess up with your beard trimmer you just shave off the whole thing, and wait for it to grow back. This haphazard method of programming led to expensive machinery not having available programming to make it run right.

1954 saw the introduction of FORTRAN, and the computer programming world changed for forever. This had an actual functional implementation, rather than just design on paper. Punch cards were still used, but as computer hardware declined in price, programs could have been created by typing them directly onto the computer. This led to editors that could make changes and corrections, and eventually moveable storage in the form of disks that let one program be installed on a number of units at a time.

We have certainly come a long way, although it is not unbelievably that 50 years from now, our grandchildren will be looking at our programming as if it is archaic. The technological age is in full swing, with changes and improvements happening every second. The next time you are frustrated about trying to read code, just remember the punch cards. At least today, programming is like trimming your beard, where if you mess up you just hit delete and start again.

Are You Embarrassed by Your Sales Manager Job Description Skills? Here's What to Do

Supervisors, and especially sales managers, acquire their outputs from the group they manage. This requires behavioral attitude that enhance the company and accommodating attitudes.
• These abilities are created predominately from:
• An enthusiasm for individual needs and perspectives
• An eagerness to invest time and commit thought to analyzing states of mind
• A feeling of equity or reasonable management

RESPECT FOR OTHERS 'SPECIAL PERSONALITIES

Typically the business manager will have to work his or her way up in the company and will have to amaze product learning, a database of loyal clients, awesome thoughts regarding development of sales, and incredible compatibility with partners and customers alike. However, there is a likewise scope for experienced transactions directors to be parachuted into an organization to convey a crisp way to deal with dealing with the business department. Sales managers now and then decide and build up sales territories in accordance with the organizations' development plans. He or she will likewise be in charge of setting standards and sale objectives for the business officials and the business group in general. Successfully working in as the controlling hand for the business team, the business manager will likewise outline the staff's training programs, create methodologies for the business group to work productively and urge collections to outperform short-and-long term targets.

INBOUND MARKETING MANAGER JOB DESCRIPTION

If you're in a promotion department then you simply need to move to an inbound approach, it's conceivable every thing you'll have to demonstrate the accomplishment of your inbound marketing program. If so, you'll likely be looking to hire a holding nothing back inbound advertiser, someone who can build and grow your inbound marketing system starting from the earliest stage. Search for somebody who is exceptionally self-motivated and flexible ... also, completes stuff (what's more, in case regardless you're trying to persuade your manager to make the move to inbound in any case).

21ST CENTURY DEALS SUPERVISOR

The business profession has changed over the prior decade as an after effect of advances in IT, the expansion of correspondence channels and automation. "The administration job is trying to understand the change and sale supervisors are critical to its prosperity," says one encountered sales director. Sale administrators today should comprehend IT system, perceive the force of web-based social networking, and be fully informed regarding sales and customer trends. He or she will be great with figures and ready to analysis measurements and always monitor deal figures and the group's execution, as indicated by agreed KPIs.

CAPABILITIES REQUIRED FOR SALES SUPERVISOR JOBS

Employer hiring stuff tend to search for applicants with a bachelor or graduate degree in a business organization with a concentration in marketing. Education in business law, economic matters, business administration, bookkeeping, arithmetic, finance, and statistics will surrender candidates a leg on the opposition. Computer and Internet skills are likewise valuable for record-keeping and information services. Many business supervisors are promoting inside from the business executive part. A few companies likewise offer confirmation programs, a capability that is turning into a standard among managers. The Institute of Sales and Marketing Management offers a scope of Marketing and sales manager job description add qualifications for expert business people from little Awards to larger Certificates and Diplomas. These capabilities are on the Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF) and are directed by the UK government education controller.

RESPONSIBILITIES

• Work with Marketing to assurance predictable lead era.

• Work together with sales manager to make and prepare prospecting process.

• Work together with sales leadership to make and prepare lead capacity handle.

• Hire high-performing business people as indicated by HR staffing rules.

• Prepare new sales representatives to guarantee achievement.

• Oversee everyday execution of all business collections and deliver reviews.

• Work with sales authority to produce thoughts for sale challenges and motivational activities.

• Lead and timetable week after week or potential month to month group gatherings with deals group and administration.

• When you hire, an employee must be stated in sales manager job description that that Prepare and guarantee adherence to sales handling.

How To Make Extra Money With Online Surveys

Are you looking to make a few extra bucks to supplement your monthly income? Do you want something you can take up in your spare time, along your regular desk job?

Online surveys offer you a great opportunity to do so. However, there's one thing you need to be clear about. You will not make a thousand million dollars in a month. The earnings are modest and in proportion to the amount of time and effort your invest.

Now, if you are seriously looking to fill out online surveys to make extra money, here's what you need to know.

Who's behind these online surveys?

Online surveys are part of a company's marketing strategy. Customer's opinions are very valuable in determining how and where to pitch one's products and services. Since many companies do not have the time and manpower to spare for such vital data collection, they outsource the task to data collection companies. These data collection companies get people to fill out these surveys in exchange for a cash bonus.

Avoiding the scams

Given the hype surrounding this online money making technique, the internet is filled with legitimate and illegitimate survey sites. Here, it is important to sift through them to avoid being swindled. One way to tell genuine schemes from fraudulent ones is whether or not they charge membership fees. No legalimate online survey site should ask you to pay a membership.

Before you register with an online survey site do your bit of research into how it works, which is the company behind it and how and when payments are made. Read up on reviews of past users to know about any problems you might encounter with the site.

How do online surveys work?

Online surveys differ in the way they are structured. Most require you to answer questions. A few require that you test the product as well. There are focus groups as well, which involve a face-to-face interaction. The surveys are based on a wide variety of commercial products ranging from grocery items to electronics to household goods. On most survey sites, you are asked to create a member profile.

Companies Involved in data collection look over your profile to see if you are the right candidate for the survey they have. Most of the companies will send you a link link via email or they might send you the survey via email itself. You need to be careful how you fill in the surveys too. If the company realizes that you are filling out the surveys for the sake of it, they will send you less.

Surveys take anywhere between 10 to 15 minutes to complete. The price for regular question-answer surveys ranges between $ 1 and $ 15. Focus groups and product testing have a higher alert potential; these surveys are priced anywhere between $ 50 and $ 100. The more surveys you fill out, the more you stand to earn. How much you earn also depends on how complex the survey is. As far as payment goes, almost online survey sites have a withdrawal threshold.

If you come across companies offering $ 300 for filling out a 20 minute survey, it should ring a bell for you. It is different where the companies offer sweepstakes. There are companies that offer larger prize money to active surveyors often requiring them to collect a certain number of points to participate.

Contrary to what many people think, filling out surveys is not only about making money doing nothing. If you are really interested, you get a chance to test new products and concepts before they ship out into the market. It's an opportunity to give your opinion and help others. Follow the right tips and turn this into a safe and lucrative money making venture.

Volvo Tests a Flywheel Kinetic Energy Recovery System

I can see why Volvo does not refer to their experimental Flywheel KERS (Kinetic Energy Recovery System) by the acronym FKERS (although it would make for hilarious interviews). But, all giggling aside, we've been hearing a lot of KERS laTely. Ferrari has one in the LaFerrari. Porsche is putting one in their 918. Same with the Audi e-tron R18 Quattro. Hell, even Formula 1 cars use them. You can not turn a corner without bumping into some carmaker working on a car with a Kinetic Energy Recovery System.

So, what makes Volvo's Flywheel KERS so special? To begin with, Volvo has been playing around with flywheel propulsion since the 1980s when they tested it in a Volvo 260. However, due to limitations in materials, the whole system, while interesting, was not really viable. The large steel flywheels from the 80s were too heavy and had limited rotational capacity.

Not so today. Thanks to carbon fiber, the Volvo system's flywheel weighs a scant six kilos, has a diameter of 20 centimeters and spins in a vacuum to decrease losses of kinetic energy due to friction. Here's how the new system works:

During the retardation, the braking energy causes the flywheel to spin at up to 60,000 revs per minute. via a specially designed transmission. The combustion engine that drives the front wheels is switched off as soon as breaking begins. it reaches cruising speed. "

By harnessing the kinetic energy of the flywheel, Volvo claims a KERS-equipped car will achieve 25 percent better fuel economy. To test the whole shebang, Volvo bolted a KERS to an S60 test car. The S60 has a turbo four-cylinder internal combustion engine powering the front wheel and the KERS, which adds an additional 80 horse, powering the rear. With this setup, the S60 will jaunt from 0-62 mph in 5.5 seconds. A similar Volvo S60 powered by a traditional 3.0 liter T6 6-cylinder turbo engine put to the ground via all-wheel-drive take 6.6 seconds 0-62. The KERS is faster and gets 25 percent better fuel efficiency. Not bad. Not bad at all.

Like most hybrids, the greatest gains in fuel economy will come in urban areas and in periods of heavy braking and frequent stop / starts. Volvo estimates in ideal condition a KERS-equipped car could drive without using the internal combustion engine about 50 percent of the time when driving according to the New European Driving Cycle .

Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems have already made it onto the roads in the form of the Ferrari LaFerrari. But, if you're like me, a supercar that costs over $ 1 million is slightly out of reach. Perhaps in the near future, a similar but more affordable system will sit comfortably in your driveway.

My Ex Boyfriend's Friend Contacted Me! What This Really Means

Since the break up you've been wishing and hiring that you've got a sign from the universe suggesting that your ex boyfriend wants you back, right? It's understandable. You still love him and you feel that the break up was a mistake. Unfortunately, your ex feels to have moved on without much thought about what you'd like. But now you've heard from his friend. It can not just be an innocent gesture, could it? The friend must have been sent to check on you by your ex. At least that's what your broken heart is trying to tell you. Sadly, I'm here to tell you something very different. The fact that a friend of your ex has made contact means very little in the big picture. In fact, do not be surprised to learn that your ex had absolutely nothing to do with it.

When a break up occurs it affects everyone in the emotional vicinity. Not only are you and your boyfriend both forced to deal with the emotions that accompanies the end of a relationship but your friends and family members have to learn how to handle it as well. When someone we care for goes through a break up we not only have to watch them in pain but we have to face the reality that their partner will no longer be a regular part of our lives. That may be what is happening with your ex boyfriend's friend. He or she has finally come to the realization that you're no longer part of the inner circle and they miss you. The fact that they are reaching out to you may very well be their way of forging a new friendship that does not include your ex.

Another reason a friend of an ex often pops up unexpectedly is they're looking to recoup something that belonged to the ex. In other words, your ex boyfriend may have sent his friend on a mission to recover something of his that you have possession of. You can typically weed out this motivation pretty quickly if the friend jumps from asking how you are to inquiring about how they can get back the item in question for your ex. Be mindful not to be offended by this. If the roles were reversed and your ex had something meaningful that belonged to you, you may ask someone to seek that out as well. It's important not to take any of your frustrations over the break up out on the friend who may be nothing more than an innocent bystander who is trying to help someone they care for.

Obviously, if you're counting on a renewed relationship with your ex at some point, you're hoping that the reason their friend contacted you was to do some covert, undercover work to see where you're at emotionally and if you've got started dating again. Do not make the mistake of jumping to the conclusion that this is what they're doing if they ask if you have a new guy in your life. Again, this can be normal human curiosity. You're much better off tempering what you share with the friend for now until you have a clear sense of what they really want from you.

If you do determine that they're fishing for information on behalf of your ex boyfriend, be careful with how much you share. If your ex went to the trouble of sending someone to gather information for him, he's very interested in getting back together with you. Make him squirm a bit by keeping your emotions close and sharing only small parts of what's going on. That way the friend will report back to your ex that he or she is not really sure what you're up to and that curiosity will definitely spur on your boyfriend's interest.

I want to stress how important it is to take a step back emotionally from all of this before you put too much emotional energy into the idea of ​​getting back with your ex. When we want something we sometimes see things that are not really there. Be honest with yourself about why your ex boyfriend's friend has come into your life. Take some time to discover their motivations and if they truly just want to be your friend, with no hidden agenda, consider embracing that. We can never have too many friends and you never know if this new friendship may help ease the pain of the break up so you can finally move forward with your life a happier, more emotionally balanced woman.

Finance Shopping for Used Cars

When shopping for a pre-owned vehicle, you expect to see a lower sticker price that will save you some cash. While it's possible to save money going this route, most used car buyers still need to consider financing. Shop around for your loan to make sure the terms are advantageous for you.

Shop Lenders

You have several different lender options when you want to finance a pre-owned vehicle. You can deal directly with a dealership or you can hammer out a loan with a credit union or traditional bank. A loan from a dealership may seem tempting because it's so simple to orchestrate, but it's likely that you will pay for this convenience with higher interest rates. A bank or a credit union will probably offer you more attractive rates and terms than a dealership. One option is to negotiate your best deal with a bank or credit union and then take these terms to a dealership to see if the dealer will match them.

Shop Loans Quickly

As you navigate the loan shopping process, do not take your time. Optimally, you should complete this process within only one to two weeks. The reason for the fast-paced shopping is because every time you apply for financing, your credit score receives a small hit. These soft hits are nominal and they do not stay on your credit report for long, but they can have an impact. The impact could be higher depending on the number of inquiries that hit your report. Keeping the time period relatively short will lessen the total effect on your credit score.

Check Current Rates

Interest rates will have a significant effect on the overall feasibility of used cars financing. Lenders set interest rates according to borrowers' credit scores, so the better your score, the better your interest rate should be. Your score is determined by your payment history, your current debt load, and the time period of your total credit history.

Loan Term

The term of a loan has a big impact on the total price paid for used cars. A loan over a longer period of time will require the borrower to pay more in interest over the term of the financing. If you have the choice between a shorter and a longer term, you will probably notice that the longer term has lower monthly payments. While this can be tempting for your month-to-month budgeting, remember that you will be paying more overall for this longer period. Shortening the financing period will result in higher monthly payments, but you'll pay less in interest to the lender.

Check Lenders

Before making a final decision, do your homework to check into the reputation of a company. Both the federal and state governments regulate lenders to ensure that they adhere to laws and regulations. Call your attorney general's office to inquire about a specific company. The Better Business Bureau also has information about businesses that will enable you to know whether the company is reputable.

Shopping for financing can be as challenging as shopping for used cars, but the time is well spent to ensure that you get a fair deal.

Warning - Be Weary of Fake Internship Or Job Ads Online

It's tough to find jobs these days, but the internet has given job seekers an easy way to sort through job listings easily, even without spending a cent. However, once you take advantage of hunting jobs online, it can expose you to hundreds of job scams. Whether you're looking for a full-time job or internships, scams can be a very frustrating thing to deal with.

The people behind these online job scams are bad people; they will not care if you have been unemployed for years, how badly you need a job or how much money you'll be losing. The bad news is con artists evolve and create new scams every day. The good news is you can avoid being ripped off by learning how these unscrupulous people take advantage of job seekers, recognizing red flags while sorting through job ads and practicing safety during your job hunt.

Types of Online Job Scams

Job scams are not a new problem. A scammer works by obtaining his victim's confidence to make the job seeker an accomplice to money laundering without their knowledge or extract personal information such of the victim, such as full name, Social Security Number, financial details (bank account, credit card or PayPal information ), birth date, driver's license or other personal data.

Online job scams come in various forms, but the most popular ones include resume blasting, bogus job offers and cash handling scams.

o Resume blasting - With this kind of job scam, fake employment agencies offer employment guarantees within a fixed time period for a fee. What the victim (job hunter) does not know is that the agency is distributing his / her resume to thousands of employers, websites and other sources (in a process called resume blasting) in hopes of having companies send correspondence, which the fraudsters would use to scam new victims. Although such agencies provide a money-back guarantee as a way to bait victims, only few people ever receive refunds.

o Bogus jobs / internships - This is the most obvious and most popular type of job scam. With this kind of scam, fraudsters pretend to hire recruitment agents and advertise jobs with real companies or job boards, usually offering lucrative salies. Once these so-called employment agencies conduct a bogus telephone interview, they're pretending that the job is their parents and instruct victims to send money for their travel costs or work visa to an agent, who just happens to work on the scammer's behalf.

This scam has different variations, but they always involve sending money to agents or providing bank account / credit card details. Some fraudsters use personal information and sold to third parties for a fee or even used for identity theft. Be careful of bogus jobs because these fraudsters spend money to list fake jobs on legitimate employment sites or even host their own job board website to lure victims.

o Cash-handling / money laundering - With this kind of scam, fraudsters seek employees to handle their money laundering scheme without the victim's knowledge. Job seekers often answer to work-at-home job listings (usually as a collection agent or customer representative) set up by the fraudsters. Once hired, the victims are sent fraudulent negotiable that are to be distributed to various parties, assuring victims that they get to keep part of the money. Typically, victims do not know they have become part of a money laundering scheme, until they are caught by police.

Red Flags of Job Scams

Although there are often thousands of job scams online, you can learn how to avoid these scams completely by spotting certain red flags.

o Personal information requirements - Steer clear from any job listing that requests for your personal bank account, credit card numbers, PayPal account or Social Security Number. Some fraudsters even request you to scan an ID to "verify identity."
o Fishy Payment Methods - If you have not met an employer personally, but he / she advocates of having funds or paychecks direct-deposited, this could be a way to get a hold of your bank account information.
o Job Guarantees - Do not believe it if a company says you're guaranteed a job, especially if they are asking for an upfront fee. Nobody can guarantee that someone else is going to give you a job.
o Money laundering - If the job requires you to forward, transfer or "wire" money to another person, employer or "customer" and assures that you'll keep a portion of the money as payment, your job is a part of a money laundry scheme.
o Unprofessional job listings - Watch out for strange sentences with a lot of exclamation points, misspellings and grammatical mistakes in the job ad. Some scammers can sometimes become confused and post a job with a title that does not match the description.
o Employer Contact Details - Job ads that fail to list specific job locations, company location, or phone numbers, can be a good indicator of scams. You should also take note of the employer's contact e-mail address; scammers often use e-mails that are not primary domains. Watch out for contact e-mails using yahoo, hotmail or other free e-mail accounts, which can be easily replaced. Employers that do not provide contact details have a lack of interest in actually meeting you in person.
o Employer Response to Inquiry - If the ad sees legit, the red flags do not stop there. Once you've expressed interest through e-mail and they respond, look out for the name of a person / company that does not exist or a generic auto-response to all your emails. Also be careful of responses with a link that ask you to sign-up for various websites.

Monster.com lists descriptive words in job postings that are tip-offs to fraud. The list includes "wiring funds," "money transfers," "package-forwarding," "PayPal," and "eBay." Terms like "Foreign Agent Agreement" and "No Experience Necessary" are also used often by scammers.

Of course, if a job offer seems too good to be true, it probably is. Guarantees of high income in one week or other exaggerated promises of high pay can be tempting, but they're usually a marketing scheme to lure victims. To be sure, a quick Google search of the company name, job ad title or other details can save you a lot of time and frustrations in determining if a job is a scam or not. If you can not find information about a company online, please talk to your career counselor before going for an interview.

No Job is More Important than Your Safety

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) estimates that as many as 9 million Americans have their identities stolen each year. Unfortunately, job seekers are often victimized by identity theft through job scams. Here are some ways to keep your identity protected:

1) File resumes online wisely - We encourage you to file resumes online, but it's not necessary to put your actual address on these resumes. In addition, do not include your Social Security number, driver's license information, bank account / credit card information, phone number, date of birth or passwords. Be aware that an email address is sufficient when sending resumes and employers will understand. When posting your resume online, read the website's privacy policy to see how your information will be used. Most legitimate companies have an application form, which is private for your actual address.
2) Practice prudent posting - Aside from resume banks, it is important to keep your personal information private. Online social networking sites enable individuals around the world to chat, share photos, recruit employees, date, post resumes, auction property and more. Because the internet makes it possible for all information about you linked with one another in a simple online search, anyone can gather these personal data and use it against you. If you would not tell it to a stranger on the street, do not put it online for the world to see.
3) Phishing e-mails - When you inquire for a job and the employee sends a response with a link to a third-party website, which often lands on a spoof Web site, asking you to provide personal / account information or download malicious software . Be very careful on what you click next because phishing emails are used to fraudulently obtain personal identification and account information.
4) Never send money - If a company is asking money to fill out an application, do not pay up unless you know the company to be reputable.
5) Analyze "work at home" jobs carefully - Although there are legitimate jobs online, most of these work-at-home opportunities sound fishy. Always check for the red flags when dealing with virtual jobs. If it smells fishy or spammy, such as someone offering you a job without a background check, face-to-face interview or verification of your references, then it probably is. All these axioms hold true when it comes to your safety.

Most importantly, check with the Better Business Bureau (www.bbbonline.com) to make sure the company is in good standing. If you follow these expert tips, it can greatly reduce your potential risk of being victimized by online job scams.

Our search techniques will reveal a lot of opportunities for internship seekers, but not all of these will be legitimate. Please be careful and remember that no internship or job is more important than your safety.